Brown Chickpea (Cicer arietinum var. brown)

Plant Description:

• Plant Size: Brown chickpea plants typically reach a height of 20-50 cm (8-20 inches).
• Plant Type: Brown chickpeas belong to the legume family and are annual herbaceous plants.
• Taste: Brown chickpeas have a nutty, earthy flavor and a slightly grainy texture.
• Color: The seeds (chickpeas) are a light to medium brown color.

Growing Conditions:

• Soil Type: Brown chickpeas thrive in well-drained, sandy loam or clayey soils with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5.
• Regions of Production: Brown chickpeas are grown in various regions worldwide, including India, Pakistan, Turkey, Ethiopia, and the Middle East. In India, the major producing states include Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.
• Maturity Period: Brown chickpeas typically mature in 90 to 110 days after planting.
• Environmental Conditions: They prefer a warm, dry climate and are sensitive to frost. They require full sun for optimal growth.

Physical Properties and Ingredients:

• Brown chickpeas are round or oval-shaped, with a diameter of about 7-8 mm.
• They are a good source of protein, dietary fiber, vitamins (especially folate), and minerals (such as iron, phosphorus, and magnesium).
• They contain carbohydrates, primarily starch, which provides energy.

Shelf Life and Storage:

• After harvesting, brown chickpeas can be stored for an extended period when kept in a cool, dry place in airtight containers. Properly stored, they can last for up to 12-24 months.
• To maintain their quality, store them away from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight.

Uses and Consumers:

• Brown chickpeas are a versatile ingredient used in various culinary dishes.
• They are commonly used in Indian cuisine to make dishes like chana masala, chole bhature, and falafel in Middle Eastern cuisine.
• They can be sprouted and added to salads.
• Brown chickpea flour, known as besan, is used for making batter for dishes like pakoras and used as a thickening agent in soups and sauces.
• They are consumed by people of all ages and are a popular choice among vegetarians and vegans due to their high protein content.

In summary, brown chickpeas are a nutritious legume that thrives in specific soil and climatic conditions. They are a staple in many cuisines worldwide and offer various culinary possibilities while providing valuable nutrients. Proper storage can ensure their long shelf life, making them a convenient pantry item for many households.